星载激光通信终端在轨机动对温度影响

对激光通信终端在轨瞬态温度变化开展了仿真，以期研究在轨机动的影响、热分析和热试验时机动模式的简化模拟。通过合理地分析与简化，建立终端的轨道热分析模型，准确模拟在轨机动，根据典型机动模式、外热流和涂层退化等因素设计了计算工况，得出了终端在轨运行过程中的温度场随时间和姿态变化规律。结果表明：不同机动模式下的温度变化存在差异，最大可达23.0℃，采用固定姿态或一维转动的简化热分析或热试验不能准确模拟实际飞行温度，甚至不能部分替代二维转动热分析或热试验；光学天线和反射镜的温度控制是制约终端工作的瓶颈，为终端设计合适的避光机动策略，可大幅度提高温度稳定度和均匀度。研究结果可以为光机电设备在轨机动策略的设计和改进提供参考。     

Impact of rain on wave retrieval from Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar images in tropical cyclones

The main objective of our work was to investigate the impact of rain on wave observations from C-band (~5.3 GHz) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) in tropical cyclones. In this study, 10 Sentinel-1 SAR images were available from the Satellite Hurricane Observation Campaign, which were taken under cyclonic conditions during the 2016 hurricane season. The third-generation wave model, known as Simulating WAves Nearshore (SWAN) (version 41.31), was used to simulate the wave fields corresponding to these Sentinel-1 SAR images. In addition, rainfall data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite passing over the spatial coverage of the Sentinel-1 SAR images were collected. The simulated results were validated against significant wave heights (SWHs) from the Jason-2 altimeter and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts data, revealing a root mean square error (RMSE) of ~0.5 m with a 0.25 scatter index. Winds retrieved from the VH-polarized Sentinel-1 SAR images using the Sentinel-1 Extra Wide-swath Mode Wind Speed Retrieval Model after Noise Removal were taken as prior information for wave retrieval. It was discovered that rain did indeed affect the SAR wave retrieval, as evidenced by the 3.21-m RMSE of SWHs between the SAR images and the SWAN model, which was obtained for the ~1000 match-ups with raindrops. The raindrops dampened the wave retrieval when the rain rate was < ~5 mm/hr; however, they enhanced wave retrieval for higher rain rates. It was also found that the portion of the rain-induced ring wave with a wave number > 0.05 rad/m (~125 m wavelength) was clearly observed in the SAR-derived wave spectra.     

高超声速飞行器再入段LQR自抗扰控制方法设计

针对高超声速飞行器(HSV)再入过程中强非线性、强耦合、气动参数变化剧烈的不确定性的特点，提出一种基于线性二次型调节器(LQR)和自抗扰控制(ADRC)的高超声速飞行器再入段的姿态控制方法。首先，建立高超声速飞行器再入段线性化模型，并采用LQR方法完成了状态反馈控制律设计。然后，结合自抗扰控制技术，设计了扩张状态观测器(ESO)对系统的模型不确定性和外部干扰进行补偿，大幅增强了系统的扰动抑制能力。最后，将得到的高超声速飞行器再入段LQR自抗扰姿态控制器(LQRADRC)应用于高超声速飞行器六自由度仿真，仿真结果表明本文所提出的控制方法能够快速、精确地跟踪角位置指令，并且对系统不确定性具有强鲁棒性。     

一种应用于超小型无人机的新型定高传感器

使用美国ICSENSOR公司的压阻硅式绝压传感器，对静压进行测量，并设计出适合超小型无人机使用的新型定高传感器，这种定高传感器具有灵敏度高，重量轻，单电源供电，板式结构。可靠性高，重复性好的特点，填补了应用于超小型无人机的定高传感器产品的空白。     

死亡是生命的必然归宿

本文根据物质系统演化的规律，平衡原理及熵理论，阐述了死亡是生命系统演化的必然归宿。     

基于DDS与FPGA技术的DS-FH混合扩频信号源的研制

在采用单一跳频通信方式时,部分频带噪声干扰会引起性能的极大恶化,而DS-FH混合扩频通信体制可有效地降低部分频带干扰对系统性能的影响,文中提出一种基于DDS(DirectDigitalSynthesizer)与FPGA技术的DS-FH混合扩频信号源的实现方案,并分析该信号源在部分频带干扰环境下的抗干扰性能。     

Production of neutrons from interactions of GCR-like particles

In order to help assess the risk to astronauts due to the long-term exposure to the natural radiation environment in space, an understanding of how the primary radiation field is changed when passing through shielding and tissue materials must be obtained. One important aspect of the change in the primary radiation field after passing through shielding materials is the production of secondary particles from the breakup of the primary. Neutrons are an important component of the secondary particle field due to their relatively high biological weighting factors, and due to their relative abundance, especially behind thick shielding scenarios. Because of the complexity of the problem, the estimation of the risk from exposure to the secondary neutron field must be handled using calculational techniques. However, those calculations will need an extensive set of neutron cross section and thicktarget neutron yield data in order to make an accurate assessment of the risk. In this paper we briefly survey the existing neutron-production data sets that are applicable to the space radiation transport problem, and we point out how neutron production from protons is different than neutron production from heavy ions. We also make comparisons of one the heavy-ion data sets with Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (BUU) calculations.     

声光相关技术在电子战中的应用

介绍了声光相关技术原理及其在现代战争,特别是在电子战及扩频通信等方面的应用,比较了体波及其表面波、声光及声电技术在应用中的不同特点,并具体探讨了声光相关器应用子通信信号的解调及同步中的可行性,分析表明,声光相关技术是很有发展前景的一项技术,将越来越多地应用于各个不同的领域。     

空间积分声光相关器——脉冲信号检测

论述了空间积分声光相关器对脉冲调制连续波信号的瞬时响应，分析了从实时光电检测器中检测出的波形，该波形是脉冲宽度，加权函数参量和与脉冲位置相关的空间衍射光分布的函数。进一步提出了脉冲序列相关时的光分布关系并通过实验加以论证。     

空间积分声光相关器

论述空间积分声光相关器的系统设计，给出了单器件和双器件声光信号处理器的光学系统，提出了两种新型的外差检测方法，并推志了处理器输出的数学模型，利用这两种检测方法分别对１３位巴克码ＢＰＳＫ（二进制相移键控）信号进行了相关检测，得出了与理论分析相一致的实验结果。